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Protein kinase B

Kinase PB adalah kinase protein dari golongan kinase AGC yang menyebabkan inaktivasi glikogen sintase kinase-3.

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Diperbarui 25 Agustus 2025

Sumber: Lihat artikel asli di Wikipedia

Protein kinase B

Representasi pita dari struktur kristal kompleks Akt-1-inhibitor.^[1]

Pengidentifikasi

Simbol

Data lain

Chr. 14 q32.32-32.33

Pencarian
Struktur	Swiss-model
Domain	InterPro

{{PDB|3D0E}}; {{cite journal | vauthors = Heerding DA, Rhodes N, Leber JD, Clark TJ, Keenan RM, Lafrance LV, Li M, Safonov IG, Takata DT, Venslavsky JW, Yamashita DS, Choudhry AE, Copeland RA, Lai Z, Schaber MD, Tummino PJ, Strum SL, Wood ER, Duckett DR, Eberwein D, Knick VB, Lansing TJ, McConnell RT, Zhang S, Minthorn EA, Concha NO, Warren GL, Kumar R | display-authors = 6 | title = Identification of 4-(2-(4-amino-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1-ethyl-7-{[(3S)-3-piperidinylmethyl]oxy}-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-4-yl)-2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol (GSK690693), a novel inhibitor of AKT kinase | journal = Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | volume = 51 | issue = 18 | pages = 5663–79 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18800763 | doi = 10.1021/jm8004527 | url = https://figshare.com/articles/Identification_of_4_2_4_Amino_1_2_5_oxadiazol_3_yl_1_ethyl_7_3_i_S_i_3_piperidinylmethyl_oxy_1_i_H_i_imidazo_4_5_i_c_i_pyridin_4_yl_2_methyl_3_butyn_2_ol_GSK690693_a_Novel_Inhibitor_of_AKT_Kinase/2911615 }}</ref>"},"HGNCid":{"wt":"392"},"Symbol":{"wt":"[[AKT2]]"},"AltSymbols":{"wt":""},"EntrezGene":{"wt":"208"},"OMIM":{"wt":"164731"},"RefSeq":{"wt":"NM_001626"},"UniProt":{"wt":"P31751"},"PDB":{"wt":""},"ECnumber":{"wt":""},"Chromosome":{"wt":"19"},"Arm":{"wt":"q"},"Band":{"wt":"13.1"},"LocusSupplementaryData":{"wt":"-13.2"}},"i":0}}]}' id="mwCg"/>

Struktur kristal kompleks Akt-2-inhibitor.^[2]

Pengidentifikasi

Simbol

Data lain

Chr. 19 q13.1-13.2

Pencarian
Struktur	Swiss-model
Domain	InterPro

Pengidentifikasi

Simbol

Data lain

Chr. 1 q43-44

Pencarian
Struktur	Swiss-model
Domain	InterPro

Kinase PB (bahasa Inggris: protein kinase b, PKB, RAC, Aktcode: en is deprecated ) adalah kinase protein dari golongan kinase AGC yang menyebabkan inaktivasi glikogen sintase kinase-3.^[3]

Akt diaktivasi melalui lintasan receptor tyrosine kinase, seperti platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R), insulin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I),^[4] dan merupakan substrat utama bagi PI3K.^[3] Senyawa fosfoinositida yang diproduksi oleh PI3K, yaitu fosfatidil inositol 3,4-bifosfat dan fosfatidil inositol 3,4,5-trisfosfat, akan mengikat pada domain pleckstrin homology (PH) dari Akt, hingga memungkinan translokasi Akt ke dalam sitoplasma untuk diaktivasi oleh PDK-1 dengan fosforilasi pada residu Thr-308 dan Ser-473.^[5] Akt juga teraktivasi oleh obat-obatan, toksin, radikal bebas seperti litium, asam valproat, clostridium difficile toxin, tert-butylhydroquinone, oksigen singlet, dan nitrogen monoksida.^[6] Pada sel saraf, miosit jantung, sel epitelial paru, aktivasi dapat diinduksi oleh simtoma seperti hipoksia, reoksigenasi, iskemia-reperfusi dan stres oksidatif.

Rujukan

↑ PDB: 3MV5; Freeman-Cook KD, Autry C, Borzillo G, Gordon D, Barbacci-Tobin E, Bernardo V, et al. (June 2010). "Design of selective, ATP-competitive inhibitors of Akt". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 53 (12): 4615–22. doi:10.1021/jm1003842. PMID 20481595.
↑ PDB: 3D0E; Heerding DA, Rhodes N, Leber JD, Clark TJ, Keenan RM, Lafrance LV, et al. (September 2008). "Identification of 4-(2-(4-amino-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1-ethyl-7-{[(3S)-3-piperidinylmethyl]oxy}-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-4-yl)-2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol (GSK690693), a novel inhibitor of AKT kinase". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 51 (18): 5663–79. doi:10.1021/jm8004527. PMID 18800763.
1 2 (Inggris) "PROTEIN KINASE B (PKB/AKT) – A COMMON ELEMENT IN MULTIPLE SIGNALING PATHWAYS INVOLVED IN INSULIN SIGNALING, CELL SURVIVALAND CANCER" (PDF). Brian A. Hemmings. Diarsipkan dari asli (PDF) tanggal 2004-10-20. Diakses tanggal 2011-07-13.
↑ (Inggris) "Physiological regulation of Akt activity and stability". Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University and Hospital; Yong Liao dan Mien-Chie Hung. Diakses tanggal 2011-07-13.
↑ (Inggris) "A Small Molecule Inhibits Akt through Direct Binding to Akt and Preventing Akt Membrane Translocation". Departments of ‡Molecular Oncology, Thoracic Oncology, and Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital; Donghwa Kim, Mei Sun, Lili He, Qing-Hua Zhou, Jun Chen, Xia-Meng Sun, Gerold Bepler, Said M. Sebti, dan Jin Q. Cheng. Diakses tanggal 2011-07-13.
↑ (Inggris) "Protein kinase B/Akt modulates nephrotoxicant-induced necrosis in renal cells". Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences; Zabeena P. Shaik, E. Kim Fifer, dan Grażyna Nowak. Diakses tanggal 2011-07-14.

Aktivitas

Regulasi

Klasifikasi

Kinetika

Tipe

Angiotensinogen · Caspase · F12 · Kimotripsinogen · Pepsinogen · Proelastase · Prokarboksipolipeptidase · Prolipase · Tripsinogen

Group

PDC	E1

AcCoA · CoA · CoQ₁₀ · FAD · NAD⁺

Alkohol dehidrogenase	.1 ADH · .2 ALR · .54 LAD · .90 RAD · .91 RAD · .144 PAD · .194 CAD · .195 CAD

.3 HSD · .4 · .5 · .6 · .7 · .8 · .9 · .10 · .11 · .12 · .13 · .14 · .15 · .16 · .17 · .18 · .19 · .20 · .21 · .22 · .23 · .24 · .25 · .26 · .27 LDH · .146 11β-HSD · .196 15-PGDH

.1 · .2 · .4 GOX · .8 GLO

.4	.1 PDH

.1 SCCR	SQR · QFR

.5	.1 ETF-QO

.3 NADHD

.3	.1 COX

.2	.1 · .2 UCCR

.1	.1 · .2 · .3 · .4 · .5 · .6 · .7 · .8 TPO

.13	.n7 2E1
.14	.1 2D6

.3	.1 CP

.2	.1 · .2 GGT

.1	.17 UGT

.1	.1 AST · .2 ALT

PI3K	.137 · .153 · .154

.1 · .2 CK

DNA · Taq · Transkriptase · Telomerase

.1
.2	PTK-6

.1 Rsk · .2 PDK · .3 · .4 · .5 · .6 · .7 · .8 · .9 · .10 · .11 · .12 · .13 · .14 · .15 · .16 · DAPK · .18 · .19 · .20 · .21 · .22 CDK · .24 MAPK

F3 · Strepto

Lipase	.4 EL · .34 LPL · Fosfo

.1	.1 PA · .2 · .3 · .4 · .5 · .6 · .7 · .8 · .9 · .10 · .11 · .12 · .13 · .14 · .15 · .16 · .17 · .18 · .19 · .20 · .21 · .22 α-gal · .23 β-gal · .166 HPA

.1 CPA · .2 CPB · .3 CPS

.11-15	.11 · .12 (.2 CPA · .3 CPB · .7 CPN · .8 CPS · .11 ACP) · .13 · .14 · .15
.16-.18	.16 · .17 (.1 CPA · .2 CPB · .3 CPN · .4 CPS · .6 ACP · .9 CPS · .21 PSMA) · .18
.19	.8 PSMA

.21 (FVII · FIX · FX · FXI · FXII · FD · PROC · Trombin) · .22 · .23 · .24 (.1 ALA · .7 MMP-1 · .17 MMP-3/MMP-6 · .19 BMP-1 · .23 MMP-7 · .24 MMP-2/MMP-5 · .35 MMP-9 · Sekretase)

.1 · .2 · .3 (ARG) · .4 · .5

.1 (.1 · .2 · .3) · .2 · .3 (.1 · .2) · .4 · .5 · .6

Lainnya

Helikase · Girase · Konvertase (C3/C5) · Permease (ATPase · EEAT · FATP · GLUT · MCT · OATP · SGLT · UCP-1) · Aldolase · Fosfatase · Laktase · Nuklease · Papain · Rekonektin · Renin · Rennet · Rubisco · Selulase · Sulfatase

Lihat pula: Asam amino · Darah · Hormon

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