Perang Kamboja–Vietnam

Bagian dari Perang Indochina Ketiga, Perang Dingin di Asia, dan Perpecahan Tiongkok–Soviet

Pasukan Vietnam memasuki Phnom Penh pada bulan Januari 1979.

Tanggal	21 Desember 1978 – 29 September 1989 (11 tahun, 5 bulan, 4 minggu dan 1 hari)
Lokasi	Kamboja, Vietnam Selatan, Thailand Timur
Hasil	Penarikan pasukan Vietnam dari Kamboja^[1] Khmer Merah disingkirkan dari kekuasaan dan runtuhnya Kamboja Demokratik pada awal tahun 1979 Akhir dari genosida Kamboja Pembentukan, kemudian pembubaran, Republik Rakyat Kamboja Pendudukan Vietnam di Kamboja Invasi Tiongkok ke Vietnam dan pertikaian perbatasan yang terus berlanjut Awal pemberontakan CGDK dan pertikaian di perbatasan Thailand Penandatanganan Perjanjian Perdamaian Paris 1991 yang menyetujui transisi yang dipimpin PBB

Pihak terlibat

Kamboja Demokratik

Thailand (bentrokan perbatasan)

Vietnam

FUNSK (pro-Vietnam)

Pasca invasi:
KPKD (1982–1990)

Thailand (bentrokan perbatasan)^[2]

Pasca invasi:
Hingga April 1989:

Vietnam

Republik Rakyat Kamboja

Kuba (ahli rekonstruksi)
Dari April 1989:

Negara Kamboja

Tokoh dan pemimpin

Kekuatan

1979: 73.000^[3]
1989: 30.000^[a]

150.000–200.000 tentara Vietnam^[b]
1.000 tentara Laos (1988)^[5]

Korban

1975–1979:
ca 15.000 tewas^[6]
1979–1989: lebih dari 100.000 tewas

1975–1979:
- 10.000 tewas^[6]
1979–1989:
- Vietnam:
  - 15.000^[7]–25.300^[8] tewas
  - 30.000 terluka^[7]
- Republik Rakyat Kamboja:
  - Tidak diketahui
Total: 25.000–52.000 tewas^[9]

200.000+ warga sipil Kamboja tewas^[10]
(tidak termasuk kematian akibat kelaparan)
30.000+ warga sipil Vietnam tewas (1975–1978)^[9]

l b s Peperangan Indochina
Masterdom Pertama Kedua Perang Saudara Laos Perang Saudara Kamboja Ketiga Khmer Merah–Vietnam Perbatasan Kamboja–Thailand Tiongkok-Vietnam Konflik perbatasan Pemberontakan Hmong Pemberontakan FULRO melawan Vietnam

Perang Kamboja–Vietnam (bahasa Vietnam: Chiến dịch phản công biên giới Tây-Nam Việt Namcode: vi is deprecated , bahasa Khmer: យុទ្ធនាការប្រឆាំងនៅព្រំដែនភាគនិរតីវៀតណាមcode: km is deprecated ) adalah konflik yang terjadi antara Republik Sosialis Vietnam dan Kamboja Demokratik. Perang ini dimulai dengan invasi dan pendudukan Vietnam terhadap Kamboja, pelengseran rezim Khmer Merah dari kekuasaan dan berakhirnya genosida Kamboja.

Konflik ini juga mengemukakan bagaimana perpecahan Tiongkok-Soviet telah merusak pergerakan komunis. Partai Komunis Vietnam memihak kepada Uni Soviet, sementara Partai Komunis Kamboja tetap setia dengan Republik Rakyat Tiongkok.

Perang ini dimulai dengan kekhawatiran Demokratik Kampuchea yang pada saat itu di bawah pimpinan Pol Pot akan meluasnya pengaruh Vietnam setelah kemenangan Vietnam pada Perang Vietnam. Kekhawatiran ini didasarkan atas keinginan Vietnam untuk menyatukan kawasan Indochina dalam suatu negara di bawah kekuasaan Vietnam. Dibawah kekhawatiran tersebut, Demokratik Kampuchea melancarkan aksi untuk menetralisir tentara Vietnam di sekitar perbatasan Vietnam-Kamboja. Atas aksinya, Vietnam membalas dengan melancarkan invasi melawan Demokratik Kampuchea yang menyebabkan keruntuhan Demokratik Kampuchea yang kemudian diganti oleh negara boneka Vietnam, Republik Rakyat Kamboja. Pendudukan Vietnam berakhir setelah tekanan internasional serta reformasi politik Vietnam. Tentara Vietnam terakhir keluar Kamboja pada tahun 1992.

Referensi

↑
↑ "Opinion | Thailand Bears Guilt for Khmer Rouge". The New York Times. March 24, 1993. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal October 7, 2022.
↑ Morris, p. 103.
↑ Thayer, p. 10.
↑ Vientiane accuses Thailand of trying to annex part of Laos (Archive), UPI, Jan 23, 1988. Accessed Nov 22, 2019. (Archive)
1 2 Khoo, p. 127
1 2 Vietnamese sources generally offer contradictory figures, but Vietnamese General Tran Cong Man stated that at "least 15,000 soldiers died and another 30,000 were wounded in the ten-year long Cambodian campaign"—so the figures do not include the casualties from the period between 1975 and 1979. Thayer, 10
↑ SIPRI Yearbook: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
1 2 Clodfelter, p. 627.
↑ Clodfelter, p. 627: 100,000 killed by Vietnamese and Khmer Rouge military operations in 1978–1979, and another 100,000 killed in the insurgency phase.

Sumber

Broyle, William (1996). Brothers in Arms: A Journey from War to Peace. Austin: First University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-70849-1.
Bultmann, Daniel (2015). Inside Cambodian Insurgency: A Sociological Perspective on Civil Wars and Conflict. Burlington, VT/Farnham, UK: Ashgate. ISBN 978-1472443052.
Chandler, David (2000). A History of Cambodia (Edisi 3). Colorado: Westview. ISBN 0-8133-3511-6.
Corfield, Justin (1991). A History of the Cambodian Non-Communist Resistance, 1975–1983. Australia: Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University: Clayton, Vic. ISBN 978-0-7326-0290-1.
Corfield (a), Justin (2009). The History of Cambodia. Santa Barbara: ABC CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-35722-0.
Deng, Yong; Wang, Fei-Ling (1999). In the Eyes of the Dragon: China Views the World. Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 0-8476-9336-8.
DeRouen, Karl; Heo, Uk (2007). Civil Wars of the World: Major Conflicts since World War II. Westport: ABC CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-919-1.
Etcheson, Craig (2005). After the Killing Fields: Lessons from the Cambodian Genocide. Westport: Praeger. ISBN 027598513X.
Faure, Guy; Schwab, Laurent (2008). Japan-Vietnam: A Relation Under Influences. Singapore: NUS Press. ISBN 978-9971-69-389-3.
Farrell, Epsey C. (1998). The Socialist Republic of Vietnam and the Law of the Sea: An Analysis of Vietnamese Behaviour within the Emerging International Oceans Regime. The Hague: Kluwer Law International. ISBN 90-411-0473-9.
Froster, Frank (1993). Vietnam's Foreign Relations: Dynamics of Change. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 981-3016-65-5.
Gottesman, E. (2003). Cambodia after the Khmer Rouge: Inside the Politics of Nation Building. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-10513-1.
Haas, Michael (1991). Genocide by Proxy: Cambodian Pawn on a Superpower Chessboard. Westport: ABC CLIO. ISBN 978-0-275-93855-0.
International Business Publications, USA (2008). Vietnam Diplomatic Handbook (Edisi 5). Washington DC: International Business Publications. ISBN 1-4330-5868-5.
Jackson, Karl D. (1989). Cambodia, 1975–1978: Rendezvous with Death. Princeton: Princeton UP. ISBN 978-0-691-07807-6.
Jones, David M.; Smith, M.L.R (2006). ASEAN and East Asian International Relations: Regional Delusions. Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited. ISBN 978-1-84376-491-5.
Kiernan, Ben (2006). "External and Indigenous Sources of Khmer Rouge Ideology". Dalam Westad, Odd A.; Sophie (ed.). The Third Indochina War: Conflict between China, Vietnam and Cambodia, 1972–79. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-39058-3.
Khoo, Nicholas (2011). Collateral Damage: Sino-Soviet Rivalry and the Termination of the Sino-Vietnamese Alliance. New York: Colombia University Press. ISBN 9780231150781.
Largo, V (2004). Vietnam: Current Issues and Historical Background. New York: Nova Science Publishders. ISBN 1590333683.
Martin, Marie A. (1994). Cambodia: A Shattered Society. Berkeley: California University Press. ISBN 978-0-520-07052-3.
McCargo, Duncan (2004). Rethinking Vietnam. London: Routledge-Curzon. ISBN 0-415-31621-9.
Morley, James W.; Nishihara, M. (1997). Vietnam Joins the World. New York: M.E. Sharp. ISBN 1-56324-975-8.
Morris, Stephen J. (1999). Why Vietnam invaded Cambodia: political culture and causes of war. Chicago: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-3049-5.
Peaslee, Amos J. (1985). Constitutions of Nations: The Americas. Vol. 2. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ISBN 90-247-2900-9.
O’Dowd, Edward C. (2007). Chinese military strategy in the third Indochina war: the last Maoist war. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-203-08896-8.
SarDesai, D.R. (1998). Vietnam, Past and Present. Boulder: Westview. ISBN 978-0-8133-4308-2.
Shiraishi, Masaya (1990). Japanese relations with Vietnam, 1951–1987. Ithaca: Cornell University Southeast Asian Program. ISBN 0-87727-122-4.
Spooner, Andrew (2003). Footprint Cambodia. London: Footprint Handbooks. ISBN 978-1-903471-40-1.
Swann, Wim (2009). 21st century Cambodia: view and vision. New Delhi: Global Vision Publishing House. ISBN 9788182202788.
Thayer, Carlyle (1994). The Vietnam People’s Army under Doi Moi. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 981-3016-80-9.
Thayer (a), Carlyle A. (1999). Vietnamese foreign policy in transition. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 0-312-22884-8.
Thu-Huong, Nguyen (1992). Khmer Viet Relations and the Third Indochina Conflict. Jefferson: McFarland. ISBN 978-0-89950-717-0.
White, Nigel D. (2005). The Law of International Organisations (Edisi 2). Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 1-929446-77-2.

Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Cambodian-Vietnamese War (1975-7).

Albert Grandolini, Tom Cooper, & Troung (Jan 25, 2004). "Cambodia, 1954–1999; Part 1". Air Combat Information Group(ACIG). Diakses tanggal 25 Agustus 2010. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
Albert Grandolini, Tom Cooper, & Troung (Jan 25, 2004). "Cambodia, 1954–1999; Part 2". Air Combat Information Group(ACIG). Diakses tanggal 25 Agustus 2010. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
The Khmer Rouge National Army: Order of Battle, January 1976
The Fall of the Khmer Rouge
1979: Vietnam forces Khmer Rouge retreat
Meanwhile: When the Khmer Rouge came to kill in Vietnam Diarsipkan 2005-10-27 di Wayback Machine.
Second Life, Second Death: The Khmer Rouge After 1978
Slocomb M. "The K5 Gamble: National Defence and Nation Building under the People's Republic of Kampuchea." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 2001;32(02):195–210

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Templat:Cambodia topics Templat:Vietnam topics

↑ By 1989, the Khmer Rouge maintained the largest fighting force amongst the three factions which made up the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea. The KPNLF had less than 10,000 men, and FUNCINPEC had 2,000 fighters.
↑ From an invasion force of 150,000, Vietnamese troop strength was estimated to have peaked at around 200,000 until Vietnam began their unilateral withdrawal in 1982.^[4]

[Thayer,_p._18-1] ↑

[2] "Opinion | Thailand Bears Guilt for Khmer Rouge". The New York Times. March 24, 1993. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal October 7, 2022.

[Morris,_p._103-3] Morris, p. 103.

[5] Thayer, p. 10.

[upilaos-7] Vientiane accuses Thailand of trying to annex part of Laos (Archive), UPI, Jan 23, 1988. Accessed Nov 22, 2019. (Archive)

[Khoo,_p._127-8] 1 2 Khoo, p. 127

[Thayer10-9] 1 2 Vietnamese sources generally offer contradictory figures, but Vietnamese General Tran Cong Man stated that at "least 15,000 soldiers died and another 30,000 were wounded in the ten-year long Cambodian campaign"—so the figures do not include the casualties from the period between 1975 and 1979. Thayer, 10

[ReferenceA-10] SIPRI Yearbook: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

[Clodfelter,_p._627-11] 1 2 Clodfelter, p. 627.

[12] Clodfelter, p. 627: 100,000 killed by Vietnamese and Khmer Rouge military operations in 1978–1979, and another 100,000 killed in the insurgency phase.

[4] By 1989, the Khmer Rouge maintained the largest fighting force amongst the three factions which made up the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea. The KPNLF had less than 10,000 men, and FUNCINPEC had 2,000 fighters.

[6] From an invasion force of 150,000, Vietnamese troop strength was estimated to have peaked at around 200,000 until Vietnam began their unilateral withdrawal in 1982.^[4]

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[2]

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[b]

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Basis data pengawasan otoritas
Nasional	Amerika Serikat Republik Ceko Israel
Lain-lain	NARA Yale LUX

Basis data pengawasan otoritas
Nasional	Amerika Serikat Republik Ceko Israel
Lain-lain	NARA Yale LUX

Perang Kamboja–Vietnam

Referensi

Sumber

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Perang Kamboja–Vietnam

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