Paus Gregorius XVI (bahasa Latin: Gregorius XVI; bahasa Italia: Gregorio XVI; lahir Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari; 18 September 1765 – 1 Juni 1846) adalah kepala Gereja Katolik dan penguasa Negara Kepausan dari 2 Februari 1831 hingga kematiannya pada bulan Juni 1846. Ia telah mengadopsi nama Mauro saat memasuki ordo religius Camaldolese. Dia adalah Paus terakhir yang mengambil nama kepausan "Gregorius", Paus terakhir yang memerintah Negara Kepausan selama seluruh masa kepausannya, dan orang paling akhir yang tidak menjadi uskup ketika terpilih.
Reaksioner dalam kecenderungannya, Gregorius XVI menentang reformasi demokratis dan modernisasi di Negara Kepausan dan di seluruh Eropa, melihat mereka sebagai kedok bagi liberalisme dan laisisme. Melawan tren ini, ia berusaha memperkuat otoritas keagamaan dan politik kepausan, sebuah posisi yang dikenal sebagai ultramontanisme. Dalam ensiklik Mirari vos, ia menyatakan bahwa "adalah suatu hal yang salah dan tidak masuk akal, atau lebih tepatnya gila, bahwa kita harus menjamin dan mengamankan kebebasan hati nurani bagi setiap orang". Ia mendorong aktivitas misionaris di luar negeri dan mengecam perdagangan budak, yang pada masa kepausannya semakin ditekan.
Sumber
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- Templat:EnciclopediaDeiPapi
- Martina, Giacomo (2002). "Gregorio XVI, papa". Dalam Caravale, Mario (ed.). Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI) (dalam bahasa Italia). Vol. 59. Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana.
- (Jerman) Paus Gregorius XVI dalam katalog Perpustakaan Nasional Jerman