Hadhrami

Hadhrami
الحضارم

Imigran Hadhrami di Surabaya, 1920
Daerah dengan populasi signifikan
Bahasa
Terutama: Bahasa Arab Hadhrami Juga: Urdu dan Telugu (di Asia Selatan), Melayu dan Indonesia (di Asia Tenggara), dan Swahili (di Afrika Timur)
Agama
Islam (Sunni, Syafi'i, Sufi), Kristen dan Yudaisme
Kelompok etnik terkait
Orang Arab, Arab-Indonesia

Orang Hadhrami (bahasa Arab: حضرميcode: ar is deprecated , tunggal) atau Hadharem (bahasa Arab: الحضارمcode: ar is deprecated , jamak.) adalah sekelompok penduduk nomaden yang berasal dari wilayah Hadhramaut, Yaman dan keturunan mereka membuat suatu komunitas diaspora di seluruh dunia. Mereka menggunakan Bahasa Arab Hadhrami, yang termasuk ke dalam bahasa Semitik, cabang dari keluarga bahasa Afro-Asiatik.

Diaspora

Orang Hadhrami menyebar melalui Samudra Hindia dari tanduk Afrika ke pantai Swahil, hingga Pantai Malabar dan Hyderabad di India Selatan, Sri Lanka ke Asia Tenggara.^[1] Komunitas Hadhrami juga dapat ditemui di pesisir Arab Saudi, tepatnya di kota Jeddah.^{[2][3][4] [5]} Beberapa komuntas Hadhrami juga dilaporkan muncul di Mozambik dan Madagaskar.^[6]

Bahasa

Masyarakat Hadhrami mempertuturkan bahasa Arab Hadhrami, sebuah bahasa dari cabang Afro-Asiatik dan bahasa Semitik, walaupun orang-orang yang telah pindah dan membentuk komunitas diaspora mempertuturkan bahasa lokal dimana tempat mereka tinggal.

Komunitas diaspora

• Moor Sri Lanka^[8]
• Arab Indonesia
• Arab Malaysia
• Arab Singapura
• Chaush, di India
• Sodagar (Syekh dari Gujarat)
• Labbay
• Yahudi Hadrami di Israel dan sekitarnya
• Orang Lemba
• Nawayath dan Barkas, Hyderabad di India
• Arab India
  • Gujarat, Bhavnagar, Jamnagar, Surat, Ahmedabad, Baroda. Semuanya merupakan tempat dimana komunitas Hadhrami berada.

Tokoh Hadrami

Lihat pula

• Diaspora Arab
• Hafsh bin al-Walid al-Hadhrami

Catatan

Referensi

• Official Website of the Al-Quaiti Royal Family of Hadhramaut Diarsipkan 2020-05-04 di Wayback Machine.

Bacaan lanjutan

• Leif Manger, The Hadrami Diaspora: Community-building on the Indian Ocean Rim Diarsipkan 2016-11-03 di Wayback Machine., Berghahn Books, 2010
• Omar Khulaidi, The Arabs of Hadramawt in Hyderabad in Mediaeval Deccan History, eds Kulkarni, Naeem and de Souza, Popular Prakashan, Bombay, 1996
• Leif Manger, Hadramis in Hyderabad: From Winners to Losers Diarsipkan 2012-10-21 di Wayback Machine., Asian Journal of Social Science, Volume 35, Numbers 4-5, 2007, pp. 405–433(29)
• Engseng Ho, The Graves of Tarim: Genealogy and Mobility across the Indian Ocean, University of California Press, 2006
• Ababu Minda Yimene, An African Indian community in Hyderabad, Cuvillier Verlag, 2004, pg 201
• Natalie Mobini-Kesheh, The Hadrami Awakening: Community and Identity in the Netherlands East Indies, 1900-1942, SEAP Publications, 1999
• Anne K. Bang, Sufis and Scholars of the Sea: Family Networks in East Africa, 1860-1925, Routledge, 2003
• AHMED BIN SALAM BAHIYAL who came from hadramaut to MAHABUBNAGAR ( HYDERABAD ) INDIA
• Linda Boxberger, On the Edge of Empire: Hadhramawt, Emigration, and the Indian Ocean, 1880s-1930s, SUNY Press, 2002
• Ulrike Freitag, Hadhramaut: A Religious Centre for the Indian Ocean in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries?, Studia Islamica, No. 89 (1999), pp. 165–183
• The Hadhrami Diaspora in Southeast Asia: Identity Maintenance or Assimilation?, edited by Ahmed Ibrahim Abushouk and Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim, BRILL, 2009
• A Hadrami Diaspora in the Sudan in Diasporas Within and Without Africa: Dynamism, Hetereogeneity, Variation edited by Leif O. Manger and Munzoul A. M. Assal, Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2006, pg 61
• Abdullah Hassan Al-Saqqaf, The Linguistics of Loanwords in Hadrami Arabic, International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, Volume 9, Issue 1 January 2006, pages 75 – 93
• Hadhrami Traders, Scholars and Statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 1750s-1960s Edited by Ulrike Freitag and William G. Clarence-Smith, BRILL, 1997
• Frode F. Jacobsen, Hadrami Arabs in Present-day Indonesia, Taylor & Francis, 2009
• Patricia W. Romero, Lamu: History, Society, and Family in an East African Port City, Markus Wiener Publishers, 1997, pp 93 – 108, 167- 184
• Mona Abaza, M. Asad Shahab: A Portrait of an Indonesian Hadrami Who Bridged the Two Worlds in Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, Movement, and the Longue Durée, edited by Eric Tagliacozzo, NUS Press, 2009, pp 250 – 274
• Jonathan Miran, Red Sea Translocals: Hadrami Migration, Entrepreneurship, and Strategies of Integration in Eritrea, 1840s-1970s^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}, Northeast African Studies, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2012, pp. 129–168.
• Ulrike Freitag, From Golden Youth in Arabia to Business Leaders in Singapore: Instructions of a Hadrami Patriarch in Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, Movement, and the Longue Durée, edited by Eric Tagliacozzo, NUS Press, 2009, pp 235 – 249
• Talib, Ameen, Hadramis in Singapore, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, vol 17 no. 1 (April 1997): 89- 97 (UK).
• Syed Muhd Khairudin Aljunied, The Role of Hadramis in Post-Second World War Singapore - A Reinterpretation, Immigrants & Minorities, Volume 25, Issue 2 July 2007, pages 163 - 183
• Iain Walker, Hadramis, Shimalis and Muwalladin: Negotiating Cosmopolitan Identities between the Swahili Coast and Southern Yemen, Journal of Eastern African Studies, Volume 2, Issue 1 March 2008, pages 44 – 59
• Shanti Sadiq Ali, The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times, Orient Blackswan, 1996, pp 193–202
• Al-Saqqaf, Abdullah (2012) "Arabic Literature in Diaspora: an Example from South Asia" in: Rizio Yohannan Raj (ed.): Quest of a Discipline: New Academic Directions for Comparative Literature (Cambridge University Press, India) doi:10.1017/CBO9788175969346.018