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Drospirenon

Drospirenon adalah obat progestin dan antiandrogen yang digunakan dalam pil kontrasepsi oral gabungan untuk mencegah kehamilan dan terapi hormon menopause. Obat ini tersedia baik sebagai sediaan tunggal maupun dalam kombinasi dengan etinilestradiol. Obat ini merupakan analog dari spironolakton. Obat ini diminum.

senyawa kimia
Diperbarui 16 Oktober 2025

Sumber: Lihat artikel asli di Wikipedia

Drospirenon
Drospirenon
Data klinis
PengucapanDroe-SPY-re-nown
Nama dagangSlynd
Nama lainDihidrospirenon; Dihidrospirorenon; 1,2-Dihidrospirorenon; MSp; SH-470; ZK-30595; LF-111; asam 17β-Hidroksi-6β,7β:15β,16β-dimetilena-3-okso-17α-pregn-4-ena-21-karboksilat, γ-lakton
AHFS/Drugs.com
License data
  • US DailyMed: Drospirenone
Rute
pemberian
Oral[1]
Kelas obatProgestogen; Progestin; Antimineralocorticoid; Steroidal antiandrogen
Kode ATC
  • G03AC10 (WHO)
    G03AA12 G03FA17 (kombinasi dengan estrogen)
Status hukum
Status hukum
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only) [2]
  • CA: ℞-only [3]
  • US: ℞-only [4]
  • ℞ (Hanya resep)
Data farmakokinetika
Bioavailabilitas66–85%[1][5][6]
Pengikatan protein95–97% (menjadi albumin)[4][1][5]
MetabolismeHati (kebanyakan independen dari CYP450 (reduksi, sulfasi, dan pembelahan cincin lakton), beberapa kontribusi CYP3A4)[5][7][8][9]
Metabolit• Drospirenone acid[4]
• 4,5-Dihydrodrospirenone 3-sulfate[4]
Waktu paruh eliminasi25–33 jam[4][5][1]
EkskresiUrine, feses[4]
Pengenal
Nama IUPAC
  • (6R,7R,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,15S,16S,17S)-1,3',4',6,6a,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,15a,16-Heksadekahidro-10,13-dimetilspiro-[17H-disiklopropa[6,7:15,16]siklopenta[a]fenantrena-17,2'(5'H)-furan]-3,5'(2H)-diona
Nomor CAS
  • 67392-87-4 checkY
PubChem CID
  • 68873
DrugBank
  • DB01395 checkY
ChemSpider
  • 62105 checkY
UNII
  • N295J34A25
KEGG
  • D03917 checkY
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:50838 checkY
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL1509 checkY
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID7046465 Sunting di Wikidata
ECHA InfoCard100.060.599 Sunting di Wikidata
Data sifat kimia dan fisik
RumusC24H30O3
Massa molar366,50 g·mol−1
Model 3D (JSmol)
  • Gambar interaktif
SMILES
  • O=C7O[C@@]6([C@@]3([C@H]([C@@H]2[C@@H]4[C@H](/C1=C/C(=O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@H]2CC3)C4)[C@@H]5C[C@@H]56)C)CC7
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C24H30O3/c1-22-6-3-12(25)9-17(22)13-10-14(13)20-16(22)4-7-23(2)21(20)15-11-18(15)24(23)8-5-19(26)27-24/h9,13-16,18,20-21H,3-8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t13-,14+,15-,16+,18+,20-,21+,22-,23+,24+/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:METQSPRSQINEEU-HXCATZOESA-N checkY
  (verify)

Drospirenon adalah obat progestin dan antiandrogen yang digunakan dalam pil kontrasepsi oral gabungan untuk mencegah kehamilan dan terapi hormon menopause.[1][10] Obat ini tersedia baik sebagai sediaan tunggal maupun dalam kombinasi dengan etinilestradiol.[10][4] Obat ini merupakan analog dari spironolakton.[11] Obat ini diminum.[1][4]

Efek samping yang umum termasuk jerawat, sakit kepala, nyeri payudara, peningkatan berat badan, dan perubahan menstruasi. Efek samping yang jarang terjadi mungkin termasuk kadar kalium tinggi dan pembekuan darah (bila dikonsumsi sebagai pil kombinasi estrogen-progestogen), antara lain.[4][12] Drospirenon adalah progestin atau progestogen sintetis, dan karenanya merupakan agonis reseptor progesteron, yakni target biologis progestogen seperti progesteron. Obat ini memiliki aktivitas antimineralokortikoid dan antiandrogenik tambahan dan tidak memiliki aktivitas hormonal penting lainnya.[1] Karena aktivitas antimineralokortikoidnya dan kurangnya aktivitas off-target yang tidak diinginkan, drospirenon dikatakan lebih mirip dengan progesteron bioidentik daripada progestin lainnya.[13][14]

Drospirenon dipatenkan pada tahun 1976 dan diperkenalkan untuk penggunaan medis pada tahun 2000.[15][16] Obat ini tersedia secara luas di seluruh dunia.[10] Obat ini terkadang disebut sebagai "progestin generasi keempat".[17][18] Obat ini tersedia sebagai obat generik.[19]

Referensi

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Kuhl H (August 2005). "Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration". Climacteric. 8 Suppl 1 (sup1): 3–63. doi:10.1080/13697130500148875. PMID 16112947. S2CID 24616324.
  2. ↑ "Lucinda (Lupin Australia Pty Limited)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 14 January 2025. Diakses tanggal 20 January 2025.
  3. ↑ "Health product highlights 2021: Annexes of products approved in 2021". Health Canada. 3 August 2022. Diakses tanggal 25 March 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Templat:DailyMed
  5. 1 2 3 4 Krattenmacher R (July 2000). "Drospirenone: pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of a unique progestogen". Contraception. 62 (1): 29–38. doi:10.1016/S0010-7824(00)00133-5. PMID 11024226.
  6. ↑ Stanczyk FZ, Hapgood JP, Winer S, Mishell DR (April 2013). "Progestogens used in postmenopausal hormone therapy: differences in their pharmacological properties, intracellular actions, and clinical effects". Endocrine Reviews. 34 (2): 171–208. doi:10.1210/er.2012-1008. PMC 3610676. PMID 23238854.
  7. ↑ Gaspard U, Endrikat J, Desager JP, Buicu C, Gerlinger C, Heithecker R (April 2004). "A randomized study on the influence of oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol combined with drospirenone or desogestrel on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism over a period of 13 cycles". Contraception. 69 (4): 271–278. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2003.11.003. PMID 15033400.
  8. ↑ Bachmann G, Kopacz S (November 2009). "Drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol 3 mg/20 mug (24/4 day regimen): hormonal contraceptive choices - use of a fourth-generation progestin". Patient Preference and Adherence. 3: 259–264. doi:10.2147/PPA.S3901. PMC 2778416. PMID 19936169.
  9. ↑ Wiesinger H, Berse M, Klein S, Gschwend S, Höchel J, Zollmann FS, Schütt B (December 2015). "Pharmacokinetic interaction between the CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole and the hormone drospirenone in combination with ethinylestradiol or estradiol". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 80 (6): 1399–1410. doi:10.1111/bcp.12745. PMC 4693482. PMID 26271371.
  10. 1 2 3
  11. ↑ Krattenmacher R (July 2000). "Drospirenone: pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of a unique progestogen". Contraception (dalam bahasa English). 62 (1): 29–38. doi:10.1016/S0010-7824(00)00133-5. PMID 11024226. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)
  12. ↑
  13. ↑ Oelkers W (December 2000). "Drospirenone--a new progestogen with antimineralocorticoid activity, resembling natural progesterone". The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care (Review). 5 (Suppl 3): 17–24. doi:10.1080/14730782.2000.12288986. PMID 11246598. S2CID 35051390.
  14. ↑ Oelkers W (December 2002). "Antimineralocorticoid activity of a novel oral contraceptive containing drospirenone, a unique progestogen resembling natural progesterone". The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care (Review). 7 (Suppl 3): 19–26, discussion 42–3. doi:10.1080/14730782.2000.12288986. PMID 12659403.
  15. ↑
  16. ↑ Alapi EM, Fischer J (2006). "Part III: Table of Selected Analogue Classes". Dalam Fischer J, Ganellin CR (ed.). Analogue-based Drug Discovery (dalam bahasa Inggris). John Wiley & Sons. hlm. 459. ISBN 978-3-527-60749-5.
  17. ↑
  18. ↑
  19. ↑ Generic Yasmin Availability via entryat Drugs.com

Bacaan lebih lanjut

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