Marcelo Hilario del Pilar y Gatmaitán (nama lahir Marcelo Hilario y Gatmaytán;[1] 30 Agustus 1850 – 4 Juli 1896), yang lebih dikenal dengan nama penanya Plaridel,[2] adalah seorang penulis, pengacara, jurnalis, dan freemason Filipina. Del Pilar, bersama dengan José Rizal dan Graciano López Jaena, menjadi dikenal sebagai pemimpin Gerakan Reformasi di Spanyol.[3]
Del Pilar lahir dan dibesarkan di Bulacán, Bulacan. Pada tahun awal, ia menjadi kritikus pemerintahan monastik di negara tersebut. Ia ditangkap dan ditahan pada 1869 setelah ia dan pendeta paroki menentang pemungutan biaya terhadap pembaptisan. Pada 1880an, ia mengadakan gerakan anti-fraternya dari Malolos sampai Manila. Ia datang ke Spanyol pada 1888 setelah ia diperintahkan untuk dibuang. 12 bulan setelah ia datang ke Barcelona, ia menggantikan López Jaena sebagai penyunting La Solidaridad (Solidaritas).[4] Ia kemudian berencana memimpin sebuah revolusi menentang Spanyol, tetapi gagal. Ia terkenal tuberkulosis di Barcelona dan meninggal dalam kemiskinan pada 1896.[5]
Karya terkenal
- Caiigat Cayó (Be as Slippery as an Eel, 1888)[6]
- Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Mockeries, 1888) [7]
- Ang Cadaquilaan nang Dios (The Greatness of God, 1888)[8]
- La Soberanía Monacal en Filipinas (Monastic Supremacy in the Philippines, 1888)[9]
- Pasióng Dapat Ipag-alab nang Puso nang Tauong Babasa (Passion That Should Inflame the Heart of the Reader, 1888)[10]
- La Frailocracía Filipina (Friarocracy in the Philippines, 1889)[11]
- Sagót ng España sa Hibíc ng Filipinas (Spain's Reply to the Cry of the Philippines, 1889)[12]
- Dupluhan... Dalits... Bugtongs (A Poetical Contest in Narrative Sequence, Psalms, Riddles, 1907)[13]
- Sa Bumabasang Kababayan (tak diterbitkan)[13]
Referensi
- ↑ "Film # 007773626 Image Film # 007773626; ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSMJ-S934-4 — FamilySearch.org". Diakses tanggal May 19, 2016.
- ↑ Kahayon 1989, hlm. 52.
- ↑ Guerrero, A. M. Bulacañana: A Heritage of Artistic Excellence. Provincial Youth, Sports, Employment, Art and Culture Office (PYSEACO), Provincial Government of Bulacan. hlm. 10–11.
- ↑ Keat 2004, hlm. 756
- ↑ Valeriano, A. B. "Marcelo H. del Pilar: Ang Kanyang Buhay, Diwa at Panulat". Samahang Pangkalinangan ng Bulakan, Bulacan.
- ↑
- ↑
- ↑ Ramos 1984, hlm. 86.
- ↑ Steinberg 2000, hlm. 245.
- ↑
- ↑ Schumacher 1997, hlm. 119.
- ↑ Abdula, Allan Yasser (May 4, 2008). "Expat in the City: Isang Pagkukuro sa "Sagot Ng Espanya sa Hibik Ng Pilipinas"". aabdula.blogspot.com. Diakses tanggal April 13, 2013.
- 1 2 Mojares 1983, hlm. 132.
Daftar pustaka
- Batungbacal, José (1956). Great Architects of Filipino Nationality. Manila: University Publishing Company. OCLC 3515670.
- Constantino, Renato (1975). The Philippines: A Past Revisited. Quezon City: Tala Publishing Services. ISBN 971-8958-00-2.
- Corpuz, Onofre D. (2007). The Roots of the Filipino Nation, Volume 2. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. ISBN 971-542-461-9.
- Fajardo, Reynold S. (1998). The Brethren: Masons in the Struggle for Philippine Independence, Volume 1. Manila: E.L. Locsin and the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the Philippines. ISBN 971-91946-1-8.
- Kahayon, Alicia H. (1989). Philippine Literature: Choice Selections from a Historical Perspective. Manila: National Book Store. ISBN 971-084-378-8.
- Kalaw, Teodoro M. (1974). An Acceptable Holocaust: Life and Death of a Boy-General. Manila: National Historical Commission. OCLC 1659785.
- Keat, Gin Ooi (2004). Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor. Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1-57607-770-5.
- Mojares, Resil B. (1983). Origins and Rise of the Filipino Novel: A Generic Study of the Novel Until 1940. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. ISBN 971-105-001-3.
- Ramos, Maria S. (1984). Panitikang Pilipino. Quezon City: Katha Publishing Company. ISBN 971-150-051-5.
- Reyes, Raquel A. G. (2008). Love, Passion, and Patriotism: Sexuality and the Philippine Propaganda Movement, 1882 - 1892. Singapore: NUS Press. ISBN 978-9971-69-356-5.
- Santos, Mariano T. (2001). Aklat ng Bayang Bulacan. Bulacan: Lathalaang Plaridel. ISBN 971-92439-0-2.
- Schumacher, John N. (1997). The Propaganda Movement, 1880-1895: The Creation of a Filipino Consciousness, the Making of the Revolution. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. ISBN 971-550-209-1.
- Steinberg, David J. (2000). The Philippines: A Singular and a Plural Place. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. ISBN 0-8133-3755-0.
- Villarroel, Fidel (1997). Marcelo H. del Pilar at the University of Santo Tomas. Manila: University of Santo Tomas Publishing House. ISBN 971-506-070-6.
- Zapanta, Lea S. (1967). The Political Ideas of Marcelo H. del Pilar. Quezon City: University of the Philippines. OCLC 48934308.
Bacaan tambahan
- Antonio, Teo T. (2000). Piping-dilat. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. ISBN 978-9715422512.
- Gatmaitan, Magno S. (1966). Marcelo H. del Pilar, 1850-1896: A Documented Biography, with Tagalog, English and Spanish Versions. Quezon City: Muñoz Press. OCLC 33251139.
- Pilar, Marcelo H. del (1955). Epistolario de Marcelo H. del Pilar, Volume 1. Manila: Imprenta del Gobierno. OCLC 5390874.
- Pilar, Marcelo H. del (1970). Escritos de Marcelo H. del Pilar, Volumes 1-2. Manila: Biblioteca Nacional. OCLC 8783472.
- Pilar, Marcelo H. del (2006). Letters of Marcelo H. del Pilar: A Collection of Letters of Marcelo H. del Pilar. Manila: National Historical Institute. ISBN 971-538-194-4.
- Villarroel, Fidel (1997). Marcelo H. Del Pilar, His Religious Conversions. Manila: University of Santo Tomas Publishing House. ISBN 978-9715060714.
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