Pembunuhan William McKinley

Pembunuhan William McKinley
Leon Czolgosz menembak Presiden McKinley dengan revolver yang disembunyikan di bawah lap kain. Kliping gambar cuci oleh T. Dart Walker.
Lokasi	42°56′19″N 78°52′25″W / 42.9386859°N 78.8735908°W / 42.9386859; -78.8735908[[Sistem koordinat geografis|Koordinat]]: <templatestyles src=\"Module:Coordinates/styles.css\"></templatestyles><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=id&pagename=Pembunuhan_William_McKinley&params=42.9386859_N_78.8735908_W_type:event_scale:50000_region:US-NY <span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">42°56′19″N</span> <span class=\"longitude\">78°52′25″W</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">42.9386859°N 78.8735908°W</span><span style=\"display:none\">&#xfeff; / <span class=\"geo\">42.9386859; -78.8735908</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span>"},"html":"<span id=\"coordinates\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"./Sistem_koordinat_geografis\" title=\"Sistem koordinat geografis\" id=\"mwBg\">Koordinat</a>: <link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28112010\" about=\"#mwt5\" typeof=\"mw:Extension/templatestyles\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Coordinates/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}' id=\"mwBw\"/><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\" id=\"mwCA\"><a rel=\"mw:ExtLink\" href=\"https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=id&amp;pagename=Pembunuhan_William_McKinley&amp;params=42.9386859_N_78.8735908_W_type:event_scale:50000_region:US-NY\" class=\"external text\" id=\"mwCQ\"><span class=\"geo-default\" id=\"mwCg\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\" id=\"mwCw\"><span class=\"latitude\" id=\"mwDA\">42°56′19″N</span> <span class=\"longitude\" id=\"mwDQ\">78°52′25″W</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\" id=\"mwDg\"><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"mwDw\"></span> / <span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"mwEA\"></span></span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\" id=\"mwEQ\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\" id=\"mwEg\">42.9386859°N 78.8735908°W</span><span style=\"display:none\" id=\"mwEw\"><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"mwFA\"></span> / <span class=\"geo\" id=\"mwFQ\">42.9386859; -78.8735908</span></span></span></a></span><link rel=\"mw:PageProp/Category\" href=\"./Kategori:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas\" id=\"mwFg\"/></span>"}' id="mwFw"/> Temple of Music, dengan alasan Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, New York
Tanggal	September 6, 1901; 124 tahun lalu (1901-09-06) 4:07 p.m.
Sasaran	William McKinley
Senjata	.32 revolver Iver Johnson berkaliber
Tewas	1 (Presiden McKinley; meninggal pada 14 September 1901 sebagai akibat dari luka awal dan infeksi selanjutnya)
Luka	Tidak ada
Pelaku	Leon Czolgosz
Motif	Untuk memajukan anarkisme

Presiden Amerika Serikat ke-25, William McKinley, ditembak dan mengalami luka besar pada 6 September 1901 saat tengah menghadiri Pameran Pan-American di Buffalo, New York. Dia ditembak dua kali oleh seorang anarkis bernama Leon Czolgosz. McKinley bertahan selama delapan hari, tapi akhirnya menyerah pada infeksi gangrene yang disebabkan oleh penembakan itu. Dia meninggal pada tanggal 14 September 1901. McKinley menjadi Presiden ketiga dari empat Presiden yang dibunuh, yaitu Abraham Lincoln, James A. Garfield dan John F. Kennedy. Wakil Presiden-nya, Theodore Roosevelt, menggantikan McKinley pada jabatan Presiden.

Czolgosz dijatuhi hukuman mati di kursi listrik, dan Kongres mengesahkan undang-undang untuk secara resmi membebankan Dinas Rahasia dengan tanggung jawab untuk melindungi presiden.

Sumber

Buku

• Bumgarner, Jeffrey (2006). Federal Agents: The Growth of Federal Law Enforcement in America. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-275-98953-8.

• Horner, William T. (2010). Ohio's Kingmaker: Mark Hanna, Man and Myth. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press. ISBN 978-0-8214-1894-9.
• Johns, A. Wesley (1970). The Man Who Shot McKinley. South Brunswick, New Jersey: A.S. Barnes. ISBN 978-0-498-07521-6.
• Leech, Margaret (1959). In the Days of McKinley. New York: Harper and Brothers. OCLC 456809.
• McElroy, Richard L. (1996). William McKinley and Our America: A Pictorial History (Edisi softcover). Canton, Ohio: Stark County Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-9634712-1-5.
• Miller, Scott (2011). The President and the Assassin. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-1-4000-6752-7.
• Morgan, H. Wayne (2003). William McKinley and His America (Edisi revised). Kent, Ohio: The Kent State University Press. ISBN 978-0-87338-765-1.
• Olcott, Charles (1916). William McKinley. Vol. 2. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Diakses tanggal March 23, 2012.
• Rauchway, Eric (2004). Murdering McKinley: The Making of Theodore Roosevelt's America. New York: Hill and Wang. ISBN 978-0-8090-1638-9.

Sumber lainnya

• Fine, Sidney (July 1955). "Anarchism and the assassination of McKinley". The American Historical Review. 60 (4). Washington, D.C.: American Historical Society: 777–799. doi:10.2307/1844919. JSTOR 1844919.
• Parker, LeRoy (December 1901). "The trial of the anarchist murderer Czolgosz". Yale Law Journal. 11 (2). New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University: 80–94. doi:10.2307/783764. JSTOR 783764.
• "President at Buffalo". The New York Times. September 6, 1901. Diakses tanggal March 23, 2012.
• "President going to big show". Philadelphia Record. September 4, 1901. Diakses tanggal March 23, 2012.
• "An interview with the President's nurses". The Trained Nurse and Hospital Review. 27 (4). New York: American Nurses Association: 222–223. October 1901. Diakses tanggal March 13, 2012.
• "William McKinley: Autopsy Report". DoctorZebra.com. April 9, 2009. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2010-11-23. Diakses tanggal June 1, 2012.

Pranala luar

• Booknotes interview with Eric Rauchway on Murdering McKinley: The Making of Theodore Roosevelt's America, September 21, 2003. Diarsipkan 2013-10-11 di Wayback Machine.
• Comprehensive collection of primary source materials on the McKinley assassination
• "The Last Days of a President" Library of Congress. Includes clips of McKinley's funeral train, McKinley at the Exposition, and the crowd outside the Temple of Music after the shooting.
• "Lights out in the City of Light"; Anarchy and Assassination at the Pan-American Exposition Diarsipkan 2007-11-07 di Wayback Machine.
• McKinley assassination Diarsipkan 2007-10-05 di Wayback Machine. at the Crime Library
• Q&A interview with Scott Miller on The President and the Assassin, June 22, 2011