Waffen-SS

Waffen-SS
Pasukan Waffen-SScode: de is deprecated di Uni Soviet, 1941
Pemimpin	Heinrich Himmler
Pendirian	17 Maret 1933; 93 tahun lalu (1933-03-17)
Pembubaran	10 Mei 1945; 80 tahun lalu (1945-05-10)
Negara	Jerman Nazi
Mematuhi	Adolf Hitler
Kelompok	Totenkopfverbände Leibstandarte Verfügungstruppen^[1]
Markas	SS Führungshauptamtcode: de is deprecated , Berlin
Wilayah operasi	Pendudukan Jerman di Eropa
Ideologi	Nazisme
Posisi politik	Kanan jauh^[2]^[3]
Jenis serangan	Pembantaian Wormhoudt Pembantaian Koriukivka Pembantaian Oradour-sur-Glane Pembantaian Wola^[4] Pembantaian Malmedy^[5]^: 260+
Serangan terkenal	Perebutan Beograd (1941) Pertempuran Kharkov Ketiga Pertempuran Narva (1944)^[6]
Jumlah anggota	900.000 (puncak tahun 1944 per.)
Bagian dari	Schutzstaffel^[7]
Pertempuran dan perang	Teater Eropa Perang Dunia II

Emblem Waffen-SS.

Waffen-SS adalah bagian bersenjata dari Schutzstaffel, anggotanya diambil dari barisan Pengawal Hitler yang paling ditakuti di seluruh Eropa, yaitu Schutzstaffel (Pasukan Pengawal) atau biasa di singkat SS. Pada mulanya, Para anggotanya terdiri atas para pemuda pilihan yang memiliki fisik kuat dan telah teruji kemurnian darah dagingnya oleh ras yang menurut Nazi paling sempurna di seluruh dunia yaitu Ras Aryan.

Unit ini terbentuk dari tiga bagian SS, yaitu:

Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler (Pasukan Pengawal Pribadi Hitler);
SSVT (SS-Verfugungstruppe, atau Pasukan Khusus SS);
dan SSTV (SS-Totenkopfverbaende, unit Penjaga Kamp Konsentrasi Yahudi).

Ketiganya, beserta sebuah unit kepolisian yang dimiliterisasikan, digabungkan di bawah naungan Waffen-SS pada akhir bulan Desember 1940

Selama Perang Dunia II, kekuatan Waffen-SS membengkak menjadi 38 divisi. Akan tetapi, tidak semuanya beranggotakan orang Jerman. Ketika jumlah korban semakin meningkat, Waffen-SS menerima para sukarelawan asing untuk bertempur di bawah panjinya. Dimulai dari orang-orang Eropa Barat yang dianggap berkerabat dengan orang Jerman (Skandinavia, Belgia, Prancis, dan Belanda), barisan bersenjata SS ini kemudian dipenuhi oleh para Non-Jermanik, yang disebut orang Arya Kehormatan. Kemudian mengalirlah sukarelawan Ukraina, Rusia, Cossack, Baltik (seperti Estonia), kaum Muslim Balkan, serta India.

Di medan perang, Waffen-SS, terutama divisi-divisi Panzer-nya, sangat disegani oleh lawan maupun kawan. Akan tetapi, kebanyakan unit lainnya, terutama yang berasal dari sukarelawan Balkan dan Uni Soviet kebanyakan tidak tepercaya.

Setelah perang, unit ini dihukum oleh Pengadilan Nuremberg sebagai sebuah organisasi kriminal. Hal ini bukan hanya dikarenakan keterkaitannya dengan kamp-kamp konsentrasi dan unit-unit pembunuh mobil SS tetapi juga karena tindakan kekejaman terhadap penduduk sipil maupun tawanan perang yang dilakukan sejumlah unit tempurnya.

Unit Tempur Waffen-SS

Waffen-SS memiliki 38 Divisi (tidak semua berkekuatan Divisi,Divisi hanyalah penamaan).Tujuh di antaranya Divisi Panzer, yaitu:

Divisi Panzer SS Ke-1 "Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler"

Divisi Panzer SS Ke-2 "Das Reich"

Divisi Panzer SS Ke-3 "Totenkopf"

Divisi Panzer SS Ke-5 "Wiking"

Divisi Panzer SS Ke-9 "Hohenstaufen"

Divisi Panzer SS Ke-10 "Frundsberg"

Divisi Panzer SS Ke-12 "Hitlerjugend"

Dan juga 5 Divisi Panzergrenadier.

Referensi

↑ "SS". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved October 1, 2025. "[...] The Waffen-SS was made up of three subgroups: the Leibstandarte, Hitler’s personal bodyguard; the Totenkopfverbände (Death’s-Head Battalions), which administered the concentration camps and a vast empire of slave labor drawn from the Jews and the populations of the occupied territories; and the Verfügungstruppen (Disposition Troops), which swelled to 39 divisions in World War II and which, serving as elite combat troops alongside the regular army, gained a reputation as fanatical fighters. [...]"
↑
- M. Bankowicz, Leftism and socialism in the doctrine of national socialism, "Studia nad Faszyzmem i Zbrodniami Hitlerowskimi", 33, 2011, p. 341. Quote: "National socialism, like fascism, was and invariably is treated by the mainstream of world historiography as a phenomenon situated on the extreme right, both in the ideological and purely political sense."
- Davidson, Eugene (1997). The Making of Adolf Hitler: The Birth and Rise of Nazism. University of Missouri Press. hlm. 241. ISBN 978-0-8262-1117-0. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 27 September 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 Agustus 2015.
- Orlow, Dietrich (23 Juni 2010). The Nazi Party 1919–1945: A Complete History. Enigma Books. hlm. 29. ISBN 978-0-9824911-9-5. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 1 Oktober 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 Agustus 2015.
- Wistrich, Robert (October 1976). "Leon Trotsky's Theory of Fascism". Journal of Contemporary History. 11 (4). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publishing: 157–184. doi:10.1177/002200947601100409. JSTOR 260195. S2CID 140420352.
- Fritzsche, Peter, 1959- (1998). Germans into Nazis. Mazal Holocaust Collection. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-35091-X. OCLC 37157352. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link) Pemeliharaan CS1: Nama numerik: authors list (link)
↑
- Eatwell, Roger (1997). Fascism : a history. New York: Penguin Books. hlm. xvii–xxiv, 21, 26–31, 114–40, 352. ISBN 0-14-025700-4. OCLC 37930848.
- Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2010) [1996] Hitler and Nazi Germany: A History New York: Routledge. p. 1 ISBN 978-0131924697 Quote: "Nazism was only one, although the most important, of a number of similar-looking fascist movements in Europe between World War I and World War II."
- Peukert, Detlev, The Weimar Republic. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 978-0809015566, pp. 73–74.
- "Historical Exhibition Presented by the German Bundestag" (PDF).
- Oliver H. Woshinsky. Explaining Politics: Culture, Institutions, and Political Behavior. Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2008, p. 156.
↑ Sawicki, Tadeusz (2010). Rozkaz zdławić powstanie. Niemcy i ich sojusznicy w walce z powstaniem warszawskim ["The Order to Crush the Uprising: Germans and Their Allies in the Fight Against the Warsaw Uprising"] (in Polish). Warsaw: Bellona. pp. 25–26. ISBN 978-83-11-11892-8.
↑ Cole, Hugh M. (1965). "Chapter V: The Sixth Panzer Army Attack". The Ardennes. United States Army in World War II, The European Theater of Operations. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Chief of Military History. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 7 August 2010. Diakses tanggal 12 July 2010.
↑ Toomas Hiio (2006). "Combat in Estonia in 1944". Dalam Toomas Hiio; Meelis Maripuu; Indrek Paavle (ed.). Estonia 1940–1945: Reports of the Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity. Tallinn. hlm. 1035–1094. Pemeliharaan CS1: Lokasi tanpa penerbit (link)
↑ Di bawah kendali operasional OKW dan Kommandostab Reichsführer-SScode: de is deprecated .

Lihat pula

Pustaka

George H. Stein, Waffen-SS: Hitler Elite Guard's at War
Heinz Hoehne, The Order of the Death's Head: Hitler's SS Story

[1] "SS". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved October 1, 2025. "[...] The Waffen-SS was made up of three subgroups: the Leibstandarte, Hitler’s personal bodyguard; the Totenkopfverbände (Death’s-Head Battalions), which administered the concentration camps and a vast empire of slave labor drawn from the Jews and the populations of the occupied territories; and the Verfügungstruppen (Disposition Troops), which swelled to 39 divisions in World War II and which, serving as elite combat troops alongside the regular army, gained a reputation as fanatical fighters. [...]"

[Bankowicz-Davidson-Orlow-Trotsky-Fritzsche-2] 
M. Bankowicz, Leftism and socialism in the doctrine of national socialism, "Studia nad Faszyzmem i Zbrodniami Hitlerowskimi", 33, 2011, p. 341. Quote: "National socialism, like fascism, was and invariably is treated by the mainstream of world historiography as a phenomenon situated on the extreme right, both in the ideological and purely political sense."

Davidson, Eugene (1997). The Making of Adolf Hitler: The Birth and Rise of Nazism. University of Missouri Press. hlm. 241. ISBN 978-0-8262-1117-0. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 27 September 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 Agustus 2015.

Orlow, Dietrich (23 Juni 2010). The Nazi Party 1919–1945: A Complete History. Enigma Books. hlm. 29. ISBN 978-0-9824911-9-5. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 1 Oktober 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 Agustus 2015.

Wistrich, Robert (October 1976). "Leon Trotsky's Theory of Fascism". Journal of Contemporary History. 11 (4). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publishing: 157–184. doi:10.1177/002200947601100409. JSTOR 260195. S2CID 140420352.

Fritzsche, Peter, 1959- (1998). Germans into Nazis. Mazal Holocaust Collection. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-35091-X. OCLC 37157352. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link) Pemeliharaan CS1: Nama numerik: authors list (link)

[mwbA] M. Bankowicz, Leftism and socialism in the doctrine of national socialism, "Studia nad Faszyzmem i Zbrodniami Hitlerowskimi", 33, 2011, p. 341. Quote: "National socialism, like fascism, was and invariably is treated by the mainstream of world historiography as a phenomenon situated on the extreme right, both in the ideological and purely political sense."

[mwbQ] Davidson, Eugene (1997). The Making of Adolf Hitler: The Birth and Rise of Nazism. University of Missouri Press. hlm. 241. ISBN 978-0-8262-1117-0. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 27 September 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 Agustus 2015.

[mweg] Orlow, Dietrich (23 Juni 2010). The Nazi Party 1919–1945: A Complete History. Enigma Books. hlm. 29. ISBN 978-0-9824911-9-5. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 1 Oktober 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 Agustus 2015.

[mwhw] Wistrich, Robert (October 1976). "Leon Trotsky's Theory of Fascism". Journal of Contemporary History. 11 (4). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publishing: 157–184. doi:10.1177/002200947601100409. JSTOR 260195. S2CID 140420352.

[mwlw] Fritzsche, Peter, 1959- (1998). Germans into Nazis. Mazal Holocaust Collection. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-35091-X. OCLC 37157352. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link) Pemeliharaan CS1: Nama numerik: authors list (link)

[Eatwell-Peukert-Spielvogel-Bundestag-Woshinksy-3] 
Eatwell, Roger (1997). Fascism : a history. New York: Penguin Books. hlm. xvii–xxiv, 21, 26–31, 114–40, 352. ISBN 0-14-025700-4. OCLC 37930848.

Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2010) [1996] Hitler and Nazi Germany: A History New York: Routledge. p. 1 ISBN 978-0131924697 Quote: "Nazism was only one, although the most important, of a number of similar-looking fascist movements in Europe between World War I and World War II."

Peukert, Detlev, The Weimar Republic. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 978-0809015566, pp. 73–74.

"Historical Exhibition Presented by the German Bundestag" (PDF).

Oliver H. Woshinsky. Explaining Politics: Culture, Institutions, and Political Behavior. Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2008, p. 156.

[mwqw] Eatwell, Roger (1997). Fascism : a history. New York: Penguin Books. hlm. xvii–xxiv, 21, 26–31, 114–40, 352. ISBN 0-14-025700-4. OCLC 37930848.

[mwuw] Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2010) [1996] Hitler and Nazi Germany: A History New York: Routledge. p. 1 ISBN 978-0131924697 Quote: "Nazism was only one, although the most important, of a number of similar-looking fascist movements in Europe between World War I and World War II."

[mwwA] Peukert, Detlev, The Weimar Republic. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 978-0809015566, pp. 73–74.

[mwww] "Historical Exhibition Presented by the German Bundestag" (PDF).

[mwyQ] Oliver H. Woshinsky. Explaining Politics: Culture, Institutions, and Political Behavior. Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2008, p. 156.

[4] Sawicki, Tadeusz (2010). Rozkaz zdławić powstanie. Niemcy i ich sojusznicy w walce z powstaniem warszawskim ["The Order to Crush the Uprising: Germans and Their Allies in the Fight Against the Warsaw Uprising"] (in Polish). Warsaw: Bellona. pp. 25–26. ISBN 978-83-11-11892-8.

[cole-5] Cole, Hugh M. (1965). "Chapter V: The Sixth Panzer Army Attack". The Ardennes. United States Army in World War II, The European Theater of Operations. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Chief of Military History. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 7 August 2010. Diakses tanggal 12 July 2010.

[hiio-6] Toomas Hiio (2006). "Combat in Estonia in 1944". Dalam Toomas Hiio; Meelis Maripuu; Indrek Paavle (ed.). Estonia 1940–1945: Reports of the Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity. Tallinn. hlm. 1035–1094. Pemeliharaan CS1: Lokasi tanpa penerbit (link)

[7] Di bawah kendali operasional OKW dan Kommandostab Reichsführer-SScode: de is deprecated .

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

Basis data pengawasan otoritas
Internasional	ISNI VIAF GND FAST
Nasional	Amerika Serikat Prancis Data BnF Republik Ceko Swedia Israel Katalonia
Lain-lain	IdRef Yale LUX

Basis data pengawasan otoritas
Internasional	ISNI VIAF GND FAST
Nasional	Amerika Serikat Prancis Data BnF Republik Ceko Swedia Israel Katalonia
Lain-lain	IdRef Yale LUX

Waffen-SS

Unit Tempur Waffen-SS

Referensi

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Waffen-SS

Unit Tempur Waffen-SS

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