Pengepungan Berwick (1333)

Pengepungan Berwick

Bagian dari
Perang Kemerdekaan Skotlandia Kedua

Gambaran Edward III semasa pengepungan Berwick

Tanggal	Maret – 20 Juli 1333
Lokasi	Berwick-upon-Tweed (Berwick) 55°46′16″N 2°00′23″W / 55.7710°N 2.0064°W / 55.7710; -2.0064[[Sistem koordinat geografis\|Koordinat]]: <templatestyles src=\"Module:Coordinates/styles.css\"></templatestyles><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=id&pagename=Pengepungan_Berwick_(1333)&params=55.7710_N_2.0064_W_ <span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">55°46′16″N</span> <span class=\"longitude\">2°00′23″W</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\"> / </span><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">55.7710°N 2.0064°W</span><span style=\"display:none\"> / <span class=\"geo\">55.7710; -2.0064</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span>"},"html":"<span id=\"coordinates\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"./Sistem_koordinat_geografis\" title=\"Sistem koordinat geografis\" id=\"mwAw\">Koordinat</a>: <link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28112010\" about=\"#mwt3\" typeof=\"mw:Extension/templatestyles\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Coordinates/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}' id=\"mwBA\"/><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\" id=\"mwBQ\"><a rel=\"mw:ExtLink\" href=\"https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=id&pagename=Pengepungan_Berwick_(1333)&params=55.7710_N_2.0064_W_\" class=\"external text\" id=\"mwBg\"><span class=\"geo-nondefault\" id=\"mwBw\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\" id=\"mwCA\"><span class=\"latitude\" id=\"mwCQ\">55°46′16″N</span> <span class=\"longitude\" id=\"mwCg\">2°00′23″W</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\" id=\"mwCw\"><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"mwDA\"></span> / <span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"mwDQ\"></span></span><span class=\"geo-default\" id=\"mwDg\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\" id=\"mwDw\">55.7710°N 2.0064°W</span><span style=\"display:none\" id=\"mwEA\"><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"mwEQ\"></span> / <span class=\"geo\" id=\"mwEg\">55.7710; -2.0064</span></span></span></a></span><link rel=\"mw:PageProp/Category\" href=\"./Kategori:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas\" id=\"mwEw\"/></span>"}' id="mwFA"/>
Hasil	Kemenangan Inggris
Perubahan wilayah	Berwick ditaklukkan

Pihak terlibat

Tokoh dan pemimpin

Patrick Dunbar, Earl March Kesembilan

Raja Edward III

Edward Balliol

Kekuatan

Hingga 20.000

Kurang dari 10.000

Korban

Tidak diketahui. Garnisun yang selamat menyerah dan diperbolehkan pergi

Sangat sedikit

Pengepungan Berwick berlangsung selama empat bulan pada tahun 1333 yang mengakibatkan jatuhnya kota Berwick-upon-Tweed ke tangan pasukan Kerajaan Inggris yang dipimpin oleh Raja Edward III. Pada tahun sebelumnya, Edward Balliol telah merampas Takhta Scotland dan secara diam-diam didukung oleh Edward III. Tidak lama kemudian, ia diusir dari kerajaan akibat pemberontakan. Edward III memanfaatkan peristiwa tersebut sebagai casus belli dan menyerang Scotland. Kota yang langsung disasar adalah kota perbatasan Berwick yang penting secara strategis.

Pasukan pendahulu telah mengepung Berwick pada bulan Maret. Edward III dan pasukan utama Inggris ikut melancarkan pengepungan pada Mei dan terus menekan pihak lawan. Pasukan Skotlandia yang berjumlah besar bergerak untuk menghentikan pengepungan ini. Setelah gagal mengatur posisi dan sadar bahwa Berwick berada di ambang penyerahan, pasukan Skotlandia merasa bahwa mereka harus menyerang pasukan Inggris di Bukit Halidon pada 19 Juli. Mereka mengalami kekalahan dan Berwick menyerah secara bersyarat pada hari esoknya. Balliol kembali menjadi Raja Skotlandia selepas menyerahkan wilayah-wilayahnya.

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Pengepungan Berwick (1333)

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